Preliminary Reference Earth Model (PREM)

The Preliminary Reference Earth Model, Dziewonski and Anderson (1981) , is an average Earth model that incorporates anelastic dispersion and anisotropy and therefore it is frequency-dependent and transversely isotropic for the upper mantle. To cite the source of this Earth model: Dziewonski, A.M., and D.L. Anderson. 1981. “Preliminary reference Earth model.” Phys. Earth Plan. Int. 25:297-356.